Second, how the router with
The router itself is a computer with multiple network interfaces, as with ordinary computer, it also has central processing unit (CPU), the system main memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) and other components.
In addition, a very important part of its network interface (Interface), to link different types of networks, routers, network interface, a wide range of applications such as Ethernet in LAN, fast Ethernet, Token Ring Interface applied to WAN V.35, RS232, ISDN BRI PRI interfaces and so on.
Router There are two main external memory: NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM, nonvolatile RAM) and Flash (flash memory). NVRAM storage router configuration files, Flash for storing the operating system IOS (Internet Operating System).
Configuration Mode
CISCO router configuration mode, there are two basic: user (user) and privileges (privileged). In user mode, only display the router status, privilege mode can also change the router configuration.
Privileged mode, you can enter the installation (setup) mode, global configuration (global config) mode, the local configuration (sub config) mode.
Installation model provides menu prompts to guide users to the basic configuration of the router. The new router first starts, automatically enter setup mode.
Global configuration mode, the router can change the global parameters, such as host name, password and so on.
Local router local configuration parameters change, for example, a particular network interface configurations, a certain routing protocol configuration and so on.
Router's configuration can use a variety of ways, following the five most common:
Use tools like HyperTerminal log console via serial port (console port).
Modem connection to the router's auxiliary port (auxiliary port), remote dial-up login console.
Remote login (telnet) to the IP address of a router, through the VTY (virtue terminal line, virtual terminal) access routers.
Edit the configuration file, and upload to the router via TFTP.
Network management software (network management system) remote settings router parameters.
Install Router
Suppose our project, only three router network. Them in Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin, names were called testBJ, testSH and testTJ. We use IP addresses to retain Class B 172.16.0.0, was divided into four subnets 172.16.1.0,172.16.2.0,172.16.3.0 and 172.16.4.0, subnet mask were 255.255.255.0.
Basic Configuration
The package with a serial cable to connect one end to Beijing's console port on the router, the other end connected to the com port on the computer. Start HyperTerminal program (Win95/NT middle), as appropriate configuration, connect the router. To power up the router, type the number of consecutive carriage returns, the following prompt appears, showing the router in user mode.
testBJ>
Into privileged mode by the user mode, use the enable command.
testBJ> enable
testBJ #
And the UNIX host, like "#" on behalf of privileged (root) user of the system prompt, it means that you enter the privileged mode. And enable the role of the contrary, that is, return to user mode from privileged mode command is disable.
Privileged mode, you can use the config terminal command to enter global configuration mode. Global configuration mode, you can use some configuration subkey name into the local configuration mode. Exit command to return the methods are. Which directly back from the local configuration mode privileged mode command is end. As follows.
testBJ # config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL / Z.
testBJ (config) # router rip
testBJ (config-router) # exit
testBJ (config) # exit
testBJ #
CISCO IOS's a very fascinating feature is its command-line help, a? Solve all problems. ? Can display the current mode of the command list, you can display the command name, command can also display the parameters and help information. Uncertainty in any place on the command type?, The system will give prompt information.
CISCO router also supports short order, simply does not rise to ambiguity, can command the first few characters to replace the entire command, so that the typing configuration workload will be quite small.
All router configuration information is stored in the configuration file, configuration files currently in use is running-config, it is stored in system memory, we in the privileged mode, configuration changes will be reflected immediately in the running-config. startup-config is stored in NVRAM of the configuration file, only it is not lost power-down, so if you want to make the changes made to the next start is still valid, they must save the current configuration. Save command is as follows:
testBJ # copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration ...
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